◆1 。 cost / take / spend / pay 花费
花费时间做某事 ： It takes sb some time to do sth 。 = sb spend some time (in)doing sth 。= sb spend some time on sth 。
某人花钱买某物 ： sb spend some money on sth 。 = sb pay some money for sth 。 = sth cost sb 。 some money 。
※ spend 和 pay 主语都是人， cost 主语是物。
※ spent 还可以指“度过”→ How did you spend your weekend ?
The sweater ________ me 90 yuan 。 = I _______ 90 yuan for the sweater 。=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater 。
He spent lots of money ________ the mobile phone 。
It ________ her 20 minutes to go home every day 。 = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day 。
◆2 。 thanks for为…而感谢
⑴ ______ inviting me to your birthday party 。
thanks to 多亏/由于
⑵______ your help 。I got good grades 。
◆3 。 感叹句 ：多么… what + 名词
how + 形容词 / 副词
⑴。 ______ bad weather ! ⑵。 ______ hard he works !
⑶。 ______ fresh vegetables ! ⑷。 ______ cute a monkey it is !
◆4 。 因为、由于 ： because( 连词 ) +从句： ( 表示原因 )
because of(介词短语) + 名词(短语 )= thanks to
⑴ I didn’t go to school ______ I had a headache 。
He was late for class ______ the bad weather 。
He can’t come _____ he is ill 。
Many people have a cold _____ the cold weather 。
※because和 so不能同时连用 。
◆5 。 来自 ： be from = come from
⑴ Where are you from ? = Where ______ you ______ ______ ?
⑵ He is from Tibet 。 = He ______ ______ Tibet 。
◆6 。 How often 对频率提问 ( 多久一次) →回答用表示频率的副词或短语
How long 对一段时间提问 (多久 ) →回答用表示一段时间的状语
How soon 对将来时间提问 ( 多久 ) →回答用 in+时间段
How far 询问多长距离(多长)
⑴- ______ have you been collecting the kites ? -For ten years 。
⑵- ______ do you go shopping ? -Sometimes。
⑶ - ______ will your father come back ? - In two years 。
⑷- _____ do you exercise ? - Once a week 。
⑸- _____ is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles 。
⑹- _____ are you staying there ? - Two weeks 。
◆7 。 乘交通工具 ： take a / the +交通工具 在句中作谓语
by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语
交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane…
⑴ He takes a bus to bank 。= He goes to bank by bus 。 = He goes to bank on a bus 。
⑵ I walk to school 。 = I go to school ______ 。
※ 骑自行车、马或驴用ride ： ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in one’s car
◆8 。 对不起 ： Excuse me (劳驾，客套话 )
Sorry ( 表示道歉 )
⑴ ______ 。Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?
⑵–Would you mind cleaning your room ? - ______ 。 I’ll do it right away 。
⑶- Don’t eat in class 。 - _____ 。 Ms Clark 。
⑷ _____ ， is this the way to the station ?
◆9 。 声音 ： sound ( 自然界各种声音 )
noise(噪音)
voice(悦耳的声音：嗓子)
⑴Lucy has a sweet ______ 。 ⑵That ______ like a good idea 。
⑶Don’t make ______ 。 The baby is sleeping 。
◆10 。 look like (外貌看起来像… )
be like ( 性格像… )
⑴ Lily _____ _____ Lucy 。 Oh ， they are twins 。
⑵ Tony ______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful 。
◆11 。 take… to … 带去
bring…to …带来
fetch 没有方向性(强调来回)
⑴ Tony 。 ______ the ball here 。Please 。
⑵ My father often ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays 。
⑶ ______ your homework _____ school tomorrow 。
◆12。 一些 ： some 用于肯定句
any 用于否定句和疑问句
⑴ I’d like ______ milk 。
⑵ –Would you like ______ yogurt ?
_ Thanks 。 I don’t want ______ 。
※ 在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some 。
◆13。 多少 ： How many修饰可数名词复数
How much 修饰不可数名词
⑴ ______ juice do you want ? ⑵ ______ apples do you want ?
⑶- ______is the T-shirt ? –It’s 30 yuan 。
※ How much可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ?
◆14。 看 ：see 强调看的结果
look ( at ) 不及物动词，强调看的动作
watch 观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影
read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志
⑴Don’t______ in bed 。
⑵ We will ______ a basketball game this evening 。
⑶ Please ______ the blackboard 。 Everyone 。
⑷ I ______ a bird in the tree yesterday 。
※On Saturday night 。 I saw an interesting talk show 。
On Saturday evening 。 several kids watched a movie 。 watch a movie =go to a movie
◆15。 stop doing sth 停止做某事 → Please stop talking 。
stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事
⑴ The girl soon stopped ______ (cry ) 。 ⑵ He was tired and stopped ______ (have ) a rest 。
◆16。 forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作：
△forget / remember to do sth(忘记/记得去做某事)→ He forgot to turn off the light 。(没有做关灯的动作) Remember to go to the post office after school 。
forget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作：
△forget / remember doing sth(忘记/记得做过某事)→ He forgot turningoff the light 。(已做过关灯的动作) Don’t you remember seeing the man before ?
◆17。 到达… reach + 地点
get to + 地点 reach = get to
arrive + in + 大地点
arrive + at + 小地点
⑴ He reached London yesterday 。 = He ______ to London yesterday 。 = He ______ in London yesterday 。
⑵ She arrived ______ the bus station just now 。 ⑶ You should ______ ( get ) home on time 。
※ 当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时，都不加介词。如：get home get there 省略 to
◆18。 擅长，在…方面做得好 ： be good at = do well in 。
⑴ She is good at chemistry 。 = She ______ ______ ______ chemistry 。
⑵ Niuniu is good at ______ the violin 。 = Niuniu ______ well in ______ the violin 。
⑶ Lucy and Lily are twin girls 。Lucy is better ______ dancing than Lily 。but Lily _____ ______ in singing than Lucy 。
◆19。 win ( 赢得 )接a game、 war 、a match、 a prize
beat( 打败、战胜 )接运动员、球队、对手等。
⑴ Which team ______ the football match ?
⑵ Wang Hao ______ Ma Lin and ______ the champion of the Men’s Singles 。
◆20。 借 borrow sth 。 from sb = borrow sb 。 sth 向某人借某物→ borrow借入
lend sth 。 to sb = lend sb 。 sth把某物借给某人 → lend 借出
keep延续性动词 ，与一段时间连用。
⑴ Can you lend me your bike ? = Can you ______ your bike ______ me ?
⑵ You can borrow some money ____ your brother 。 = You can borrow yourbrother ____ ____。
⑶ - How long can I ______ the book ?
- You can _____ it for two weeks 。
※ 类似用法的还有：buy — have put on — wear become — be
leave — be away from open — be open begin — be on
die — be dead return — be back
① become He has ______ a doctor 。
He has ______ a doctor for 10 years 。
② begin The film has ______ 。
The film has _________ for ten minutes 。
◆21。 能，会。be able to
can
※ 情态动词后面都接动词原形。
⑴ We should ______ able to finish the work tomorrow 。
⑵ I can ______ (play) the guitar 。⑶ He ______ able to play chess 。
◆22。 too many 太多 — 修饰可数名词复数→ I have too many rules in my house 。
too much 太多 — 修饰不可数名词→ Maybe you have too much yin 。
much too太— 后跟形容词或副词原级→ This coat is much too expensive 。
⑴ Eating _____ ______ is bad for your health 。
⑵ It’s ______ ______cold today 。 You’d better not go out 。
⑶There are______ ______ students in the hallways 。 It’s dangerous 。
◆23。 have / has been to 去过某地 →He has been to Beijing 。 (现在不在北京)
have / has gone to 去了某地 →He has gone to Beijing 。 (现在可能在北京，或在去北京的途中)
have/hasbeen in / at在某地
⑴I have ever _______ ______ America twice 。
⑵ He has ______ ______ Beijing for ten years 。
⑶– Where is your brother ?
- He______ ______ to Hainan 。
⑷ _____ you ever ______ ______ Disneyland ?
◆24。 used to do sth 。过去常做某事→ This river used to be very clean 。
be(get)used to doing sth 。习惯于做某事 → I’m not used to getting up early 。
be used to do sth = be used for doing sth 。 被用于做某事→ Pens are used for writing 。
⑴ XiaoGang ______ ______ ______ afraid of the dark 。
⑵ Thebroom is ______ ______ clean the room 。 = The broom is ______ ______ cleaning the room 。
⑶ He ______ ______ ______ living countryside 。There is fresh air and sweet well 。
⑷ Wood _____ _____ _____ making paper 。
◆25。 belong to + 名词 / 人称代词宾格 (属于)
be + 名词所有格 / 名词性物主代词 (是)
⑴It must ______ Ning’s 。= It must _________ Ning 。
⑵ The pencil must be ______ (my) 。 = The pencil must belong to ______ (my) 。
⑶ This ball ______ to me 。= This ball is ______ 。
◆26。 can’t 不可能 0
表示推测、判断 could/might 也许、可能 50﹪— 80﹪
must 肯定、一定 100﹪
⑴ The CD _____ belong to Tony 。 because he likes listening to music 。
⑵ The notebook ______ be mine 。It has my name on it 。
⑶ The toy ______ be my grandpa 。 After all 。He is an old man 。
◆27。 be made from (由…制成)看不出原材料
be made of (由…制成)看得出原材料
⑴ The table ______ ______ ______ wood 。
⑵ Paper ______ ______ ______ wood 。
◆28。 prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事
prefer sth 。 to sth 。 喜欢…而不喜欢…
prefer doing sth 。 to doing sth 。 喜欢做…而不喜欢做…
⑴ I prefer ______ (swim) to ______ (play) balls 。 ⑵ He _______ fish to beef 。
⑶ I prefer to ______ (walk) to work 。
◆29。 一些表示人的情感或情绪的形容词 ： —ed 修饰人
—ing 修饰物
⑴ I want to go somewhere ______ (relaxing/relaxed) 。
⑵ She is ______ in this ______ history story 。 (interesting/interested )
※ interesting(有趣的) — interested(感兴趣的) tiring(累人的)— tired(累的，疲倦的)
boring (令人无聊的)— bored(无聊的)exciting(令人兴奋的)— excited(激动的)
surprising(令人惊讶的) — surprised(惊讶的)
relaxing(令人放松的) — relaxed(放松的)
embarrassing (令人尴尬的;令人为难的) — embarrassed (尴尬的;为难的)
◆30。 the number of + 名词复数(…的数量)作主语， 谓语用单数。
a number of + 名词复数 (许多、一些)= many
⑴ The number of students in our class______ 80 。
⑵ ______ number of students are in Helin Middle School 。
◆31。 for + 一段时间
since + 时间点/过去时的句子
⑴ We have been studying English ______ three years 。
⑵ He has been staying here ______ he was five years old 。 。
⑶ We haven’t seen each other ______ ten years ago 。
※ for和 since 可以相互转换。如：Jenny has been collecting coins for several years 。= Jenny has been collecting coins since several years ______ 。
◆32。 除…之外 except (不包括在内)→ Everyone could answer this question except Jim 。
besides (包括在内)→There are three girls besides me 。
⑴ We all passed the exam ______ Li Yang 。
⑵ Many other students like basketball ______ Guo Xiaojun 。
◆33。 already 用于肯定句中(已经)
yet 用于疑问句末(已经)
用于否定句末(还)
⑴ Have you seen the film ______ ? ⑵ I haven’t locked the door ______ 。
⑶ Mom has _______ watered the flowers 。
◆34。 否定祈使句 Don’t + v。
No + v.ing / n。
⑴ Don’t smoke here 。 = ______ ______ here 。 ⑵ Don’t take photos。 = ______ ______ 。
◆35。 也 too 放肯定句末和疑问句末→Do you play soccer every day ， too ?
either 放否定句末
also 放肯定句中
※ also放在实意动词前，be之后。
⑴ She is a girl 。 I am a girl 。______ 。 ⑵ He ______ likes collecting things 。
⑶ Lily doesn’t like junk food 。 Her good friend doesn’t like it 。 _______ 。
⑷ - I like soap operas 。 –I do ， _____ 。
⑸ - I can’t watch TV on school nights 。 –I can’t ， _____ 。
◆36。 be strict with sb。 对某人要求严格
be strict in sth 。 对某事要求严格
Miss Zhang _____ _____ _____ her work and she _____ _____ _____ her students 。
◆37。 需要做某事 need to do sth 主语是人
need doing sth 主语是物
⑴ The classroom _____ cleaning 。 It’s too dirty 。 ⑵ Children _____ to sleep a lot 。
⑶ It’s very hot and dry 。 You need ______(wear)cool clothes and the flowers need ______ (water) 。
◆38。 through →介词： 从内部穿过 (park)
across →介词：从表面穿过
cross →动词(road。 street。 bridge)
⑴ Be careful when you ______ the street 。 ⑵ The manwent______ the forest 。
⑶ The train goes ______ the tunnel(隧道)。 ⑷He swam _____ the river 。
⑸ We drove _____ the desert (沙漠) 。 ⑹Take a walk _____ the park on Center Avenue 。
◆39。 Why don’t you do sth = Why not do sth 。
提建议的方式 How /what about doing sth 。
Let’s do sth 。
⑴ Why don’t you have a cup of tea ? = _____ _____ have a cup of tea ?
⑵ Let’s _____ (go) out for a walk 。 ⑶ How about _____ (practice) conversations ?
◆40。 So + 助/系/情态 + 主语 表示肯定意义(…也是如此)
Neither + 助/系/情态 + 主语 表示否定意义(…也不)
※ 它们都属于倒装句。
⑴ My mother didn’t go to school 。______ ______ my father 。
⑵ James comes from theUSA 。______ ______ Tom 。
⑶ My pen pal can speak Japanese 。 ______ ______ I 。 = Me ______ 。
⑷ My sister isn’t outgoing 。 ______ ______ I 。= Me ______ 。
◆41。 both 两者都
all三者或三者以上都
⑴ The twins _____ are good students 。
⑵ There are lots of colorful flowers on _____ sides of the streets 。
⑶ There are five people in my family 。 We ______ like playing sports 。 My parents ______ love us 。 We are very happy 。
◆42。 alone 单独，独自一人 →He is alone at home 。
lonely 孤独的，寂寞的。有一定的感情色彩 →He lives a lonely life in the country 。
⑴ Sometimes he feels quite _____ because he has no friends 。
⑵ She lives _____ in that large house 。
◆43 in the tree 外来的→I saw a cat in the tree 。
on the tree 长在树上的→There are many apples on the tree 。
⑴ How many monkeys can you see _____ the tree ?
⑵ There are a lot of bananas_____ the tree 。
◆44。 in the wall 指在墙体内
on the wall 指在墙体表面
⑴ There is a map _____ the wall 。
⑵ There is a door _____ the wall 。
◆45。 on the bed 指物品在床上→My bag is on the bed 。
in bed 指人躺在床上→Lily is ill in bed 。
⑴ There is a jacket ___________ 。
⑵ I have to be ________ by ten o’clock 。
◆46。 引导结果状语从句：so和such(如此…以至于…)
so是副词，后接adj和adv 。句型：
△so+adj/adv+that从句→He worked so hard that he got the first prize 。
△so+adj+a(n)+n。+that从句 = such+a(n)+adj+n。+that从句→That was so interesting a story that I read it twice 。= That was such an interesting story that I read it twice 。
such是形容词，后接n。句型：
△such+a(n)+adj+n。+that从句→He is such a hard-working student that all the teachers love him 。
△such+pl。/不可数n+that从句→It is such good weather that we can go swimming 。
⑴ He runs ____fast ____ we can’catch him 。 ⑵ Lili is ____a kind girl ____we all love her 。
⑵ Tom is ____ a clever boy that he can answer the question 。= Tom is ____ clever a boy that he can answer the question 。
⑶ The box is _____ heavy _____ I can’t carry it 。
※ 在名词前有many / much / few / little这些词修饰时，要用so…that 。so…that句型的否定形式可用简单句too…to或not…enough to代替。如：
He is so young that he can’t go to school 。
= He is too young to go to school 。
= He is not old enough to go to school 。
◆47。 引导时间状语从句 ：
when + 延续性/短暂性动词→When I was watching TV ， he came in 。 = When he came in ， I was watching TV 。
while+延续性动词(多用进行时)→While I was in Shanghai ，I visited him 。
⑴ _____ he was sleeping 。 Someone knocked at the door 。= He was sleeping _____ someone knocked at the door 。
⑵ _____ the boy heard his mother’s voice ， he stopped crying 。
⑶ My mother was cooking _____ I was doing my homework 。。
◆48。 at the age of 和 when 引导的时间状语可以互换。
I began to play football when I was five years old 。 = I began to play football ________ ____ ____ five 。
◆49。 instead 放句首、句末
instead of + n/pron/ving = rather than 。
⑴ I will go to see her ______ you 。 ⑵ He doesn’t like beer 。give him coke ______ 。
⑶ We often sing English song ______ reading aloud 。
◆50。 be famous as (作为…而知名) as + 职业/身份/地位→Yi Yuchun is famous as a super girl 。
be famous for (以…而著名) for + 出名的原因→Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake 。
⑴ Li Bai is famous ______ a poet 。 ⑵ Jackie Chan ia famous ______ his action movies 。
⑶ France ia famous _____its fine food and wine 。
◆51。 看起来像是…似乎/好像… (sb/sth) seems to do sth
It seems that +从句
⑴ It _____ _____ he feels very sad 。 = He _____ _____ _____ very sad 。
⑵ She seems to want to have a drink 。= _____ _____ that she _____ to have a drink 。
◆52。 “疑问词 + 动词不定式” 与“宾语从句”的互换 。
⑴ I will show you where you should go 。= I will show you _____ _____ _____ 。
⑵ Idon’t know what to do 。 = I don’t know what _____ 。 A should I do B I should do
⑶ Could you tell me how I can get to Summer Palace ?= Could you tell me how _____ _____ _____ Summer Palace ?
※ 宾语从句应该用陈述语序。如：Could you please tell me ____ ____ ____ ____ (天气如何)in Chongqi ?
◆53。 问题/难题 question 由于疑惑不解而提出的问题，多和ask / answer搭配使用。
problem指有待解决的较难的问题或物理/数学方面的题等，多与solve / work out 搭配。
⑴ Please answer my ________ in English 。 ⑵ I can’t work out this maths _______。
⑶ This is a difficult _______ to answer 。
◆54。 family家/家庭(强调家庭成员，与居住的房子无关)→My family are kind people 。
home 家(指人出生或居住的地方，带有一定感情色彩)→Welcome to my home 。
house 房子/住宅(居住的建筑物)→They moved to their new house last year 。
⑴ How many people are there in your _____? ⑵ I want to save money and buy a big ____ 。
⑶ I love Chengdu ， I looked Chengdu as my ______ 。
◆55。 in front of (在…前面) 在某一范围以外的前面→There is a tall tree in front of our classroom 。
in the front of (在…前部) 在某一范围内的前面→Two personsare sitting in the front of the car 。
⑴ The policeman stands ____________ the car 。 ⑵ The driver sits ____________ the car 。
◆56。 在晚上，在夜里 at night
on + a + adj + night
⑴ You shouldn’t go out _____ night 。 ⑵ He met a thief _____ a cold night 。
◆57。 在…之间 between (两者之间)多与and连用。
among(三者或三者以上的人或物之间)
⑴ She is sitting ______ Lucy and Lily 。 ⑵ He built a house ______ the trees 。
◆58。 sometimes 不时;有时(是一般现在时的标志词)→Sometimes I go to school by bus 。
some times 几次(此时time是可数名词，意为“次数”)→He has been to Shanghai some times 。
sometime 某个时间(表示在过去或将来的某个时候)→ I saw him sometime last year 。
some time 一段时间(此时time是不可数名词)→ He will stay here for some time 。
⑴ We are going to have a party ________ next week 。⑵ _______ the boy is late for school 。
⑶ He spent _________ in cutting hair 。So he missed the early bus 。
⑷ Li Jun has been to Bird’s Nest _________ 。
◆59。 wear + 衣服/鞋帽/眼镜等(强调状态)→Our teacher often wears a pair of glasses 。
put on +衣服/鞋帽/眼镜等(强调动作)→Kate puts on her hat and goes out 。
be in + 颜色/服饰(强调状态)→The girl in red is my sister 。
dress + 人/反身代词 (给某人穿) →She dresses her daughter every morning 。
⑴ You’d better ______ your coat 。 ⑵ She was _______ a flower in her hair 。
⑶ The boy ______ white is my friend 。 ⑷ He is too young to ______ himself 。
⑸ Miss Li often _____ the white sports shoes 。
※ dress当表示状态时常用be dressed in + 衣物(穿着…颜色的衣服)→He is dressed in a black coat 。他常穿着黑色的外套。
◆ 60。 play + 球类、棋类名词(不加the )play badminton / play chess / play computer games
play the +乐器名词。(必须加the) play the violin
⑴ - Do you like to play ______ football after class ， Li Lei ?
- Yes ，I do 。 A 。a B 。the C 。 /
⑵ Sam can’t play ________ (piano)， but he can play ________ (chess) 。
◆61。 There be 强调“某处有…”
have 强调“某人有…”
⑴ ________ two computers in the room 。 ⑵ My uncle _______ a car 。
※ 当表示整体与局部的关系时，there be与have可互换使用。如：There are twelve months in a year 。= A year has twelve months 。 一年有十二个月。
◆62。 speak 指说话的能力，也可表示“演讲、发言”。其后可以接语言类词汇。
say强调说的内容。say sth 。to sb 。→Please say hello to him 。
talk指相互之间的谈话。talk to / with sb表示与某人交谈，talk about sb / sth 表示“谈论某人 / 某事”。 →She is talking with her boss 。
tell侧重指“告诉”，后接双宾语或复合宾语：tell sb 。sth。 → Please tell me the time 。
tell sb (not) 。 to do sth 。→ She told me to wait for her 。
※ tell可以和lie ， story 搭配。如： tell a lie / tell a story / tell a joke / tell a truth 。
⑴ From his face we could see that he was _____ a lie 。 ⑵ She is ______ at the meeting 。
⑶ Fangfang _____ she is at home 。 ⑷ They are ______ about the weather 。
⑸ He can’t _____ it in French ， but he can _____ English 。
◆63。 if引导条件状语从句 真实条件状语从句 — 主句是将来时，从句用现在时代替将来。
虚拟条件状语从句 — 虚拟语气
⑴ If I _____ (be) a bird ， I would ______ (fly) in the sky 。
⑵ If it _______ (not) rain ，We will climb the hill 。
⑶ If I _____ (win) a million dollars ， I would ______ (travel) around the world 。
⑷ If he _____ (study) hard ， he will get good grades 。
◆64。 强调动作 强调结果
找 look for寻找 find找到
看 look (at)看 see看见
听 listen (to)听 hear听见
look for / find
⑴ I am _______ my watch ， but I can’t _______ it anywhere 。
look at / see
⑴ Please _______ your books ， boys and girls 。 ⑵ ______ ! What a playful monkey it is !
listen to / hear
⑴ Don’t shout ! I can _______ you 。
⑵ Ann likes _______ music with her friends on weekends 。
◆65。 ago 副词，“以前”，一段时间后接ago 。
before“以前”，可以用在现在完成时的句子中，还可以是连词，“在…以前”。
⑴ I have never been there _______ 。
⑵ Please call me ______ you go 。
⑶ My brother joined the army two years ______ 。
⑷ Long long ______ ， There was seven dwarfs(小矮人)in the forest 。
◆66。 别的，其他的other 修饰名词，用于名词前。→What other animals do you like ?
else修饰不定代词/疑问代词/疑问副词，放它们的后面。→What else do you have to do ?
⑴You’d better ask some ______ people 。
⑵ There is nothing _____ on the desk 。
◆67。 every day 每天，作状语。
everyday日常的，作定语。
⑴ We go to school at 7：00 ________ 。
⑵ What’s your ______ activity ?
◆68。 happen 主要指偶然发生的事
take place 表示预先决定的事
※ happen 和take place都不用于被动语态
⑴ A traffic accident _______ yesterday 。
⑵ The May Fourth Movement (五四运动) _________ in 1919 。
◆69。 one …the other 一个…另一个
some …others 一些…另一些 (另一些并不包括全部)
some …the others一些…其他的(其他的包括剩下的全部)
⑴ I have two brothers， _____ is a teacher ， _______ is a doctor 。
⑵ _____ students are in the classroom ， ________ are out 。
⑶ At the party ， ______ are dancing ， ______ are singing
◆70。 be alive 作后置定语
living + n。 作前置定语
The old man is a great and ______ scientist 。He is still ______ 。
◆71。 on one’s + 序数词 + birthday (在某人几岁生日时)
in one’s + 整十的基数词的复数 (在某人几十多岁时)
⑴ Edisoninvented many things in his _______ (twenty) 。
⑵ On my ______ (twenty) birthday 。 I got a newmobile phone 。
◆72。 till = until (直到) “延续性动词(肯定式)+ until”译为“直到…为止”
“瞬间性动词/延续性动词的否定式not + until”译为“直到…才”
⑴ He waited until ten o’clock 。翻译：____________________
⑵ He didn’t go to bed until he had finished his work 。 翻译：____________________
◆73。 疑问句+ ever = no matter + 疑问句 →引导让步状语从句：whatever = no matter what (无论什么) whenever = no matter when (无论何时) whoever = no matter who (无论谁)
wherever = no matter where (无论在哪里) however = no matter how(无论如何)
◆74。 数词 - 名词 - (形容词) 复合形容词作定语
数词 + 名词复数
⑴ He is a two-year-old boy 。 = The boy is two _____ old 。
⑵ Look ! This is a ______ buildings 。A 70-floors B 70-floor C 70 floors
⑶ We have ______ (两天) holiday 。
⑷ Twelve-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes 。
※ Twelve-year-olds 表示一类人。(12岁的人)
◆75。 agree with sb 。同意某人的意见→ I don’t agree with you 。
agree to sth 。同意某人的建议/办法/计划等 → He agreed to my plan 。
◆76。 believe 表示相信某人的话→ I believe you 。= I believe that you say 。
believe in表示信任，相信···的存在 → I believe ib that man 。 / Believe in God 。相信上帝的存在。
◆77。 run out不及物动词短语，指物用完，用光 → My money has run out 。
run out of及物动词短语，指人用完，用光了物→ I have run out of my money 。
◆78。 maybe = perhaps或许/可能。副词，在句中作状语→ Maybe he will come here tomorrow 。
may be 或许/可能，may是情态动词，在句中作谓语→ He may be from the USA ，too 。
※ maybe 和may be 可以互换：Maybe you are right 。 =You may be right 。
◆79。 fist = first of all 第一，首先。强调事情发展的顺序 → First I had to decide what to wear 。
at first = at the beginning 起初，起先。表示一件事情的开始阶段→ I didn’t like this job at first 。
◆80。 表示时间的介词
in表示一段时间或较长时间 → in the morning / afternoon / eveningin May ，2010
on指在星期/具体某一天或特指某一天的上/下/晚上 → on Monday /on Children’sday /on Monday afternoon / on school nights
at表示点时间或较短的时间 → at 8：00 / at noon / at night
◆81。 must (必须)表示说话人的主观意图和需求→ I have something to do ， I must go now 。
have to(不得不，必须)表示客观需要→It’s your turn to clean the classroom 。 You have to do it 。
※ must引导的一般疑问句的否定回答必须用needn’t 或don’t have to (不必) 。
如：- Must I finish the housework today ?
- No ， you needn’t 。 / you don’t have to 。
◆82。 at the end (后常接of)表示在某时，活动或事件等终止/结束时→She went to Japan at the end of last month 。上月底他去了日本。
in the end(后不能接of)最后，最终→ In the end we finished this job 。
◆83。 join 表示加入某个组织、机构、团体等 → He joined the League last year 。
take part in 表示参加某项活动、比赛、游戏等 → She took part in the English Speech Contest yesterday 。
◆84。 watch sb 。 do sth(看···做某事) → He sat down and watched Wangwang play with a lovely black cat 。
watch sb 。 doing sth (看···正在做某事) 强调动作正在进行→ I watched her dancing just now 。
※ 类似用法的还有这些感官动词：see / look at / hear / listen to / feel等。
◆85。 该…的时候了 ：It’s time to do sth 。 和 It’s time for (doing ) sth 。可以互换 。
⑴ It is time for school 。= It’s time to ______ ______ school 。
⑵ It’s time to study English 。= It’s time ______ ______ English 。
※ It’s time for sb to do sth 。如：It’s dark 。 It’s time for you to go home 。
◆86。 hope+宾语从句，用陈述语序 → I hope that I can help you 。
wish+宾语从句，用虚拟语气 → I wish that I could help you 。
※wish后跟双宾语(Wish you success !)和复合宾语，wish sb 。 to do sth→/ I wish you to go there with me 。 hope to 。 do sth 。 → I hope to go to Beijing this summer 。
◆87。 no + n。( no是形容词) He has no dog and no family 。
not (not是副词)，与be动词/助动词/情态动词连用： isn’t / didn’t / can’t 。 → There isn’t water or air 。
※no和not 可以互换：She has no pens 。 = She doesn’t have pens 。
◆88。 sth be familiar to sb： 某事或某物为某人所熟悉;某物对某人是熟悉的
sb be familiar with sth： 某人熟悉某物
短语简介：
短语是由句法、语义和语用三个层面上能够搭配的语言单位组合起来的没有句调的语言单位，又叫词组。它是大于词而又不成句的语法单位。简单的短语可以充当复杂短语的句法成分，短语加上句调可以成为句子。由语法上能够搭配的词组合起来的没有句调的语言单位。